The Film Industry

Creating a Film
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Different processes involved between someone coming up with the idea for a film and it being watched by an audience:


Pre-productions

1. The studio, investor or producer buys the right to the source such as an idea, book or film.
2. A screenwriter converts this idea or story into a script.
3. The script is edited and finished by the same screenwriter or writers known as script directors.
4. Director, producer, editor, production designer, art director meet to make sure they're on the same page.
5. Script is storyboarded illustrations to help directors visualise the scenes.
6. Costume designers create garments and accessories to help tell the story.
7. Casting directors audition and/ or negotiate with the actors agents and decide on cast.
8. Location scouting, hiring crew, lots of logistics.

Shooting

1. Director oversees everything, works with producer. Takes storyboard and turns it into series of shots.
2. Production design team create the overall visual feel and aesthetics, costume, make up and set design.
3. Cinematographer oversees everything camera and lights related and helps with artistic decisions.
4. Make up artists work with costume designer and director to make actors/actresses fit their roles better.
5. Actors and actresses show their talent, hope for a nomination in leading or supporting role.

Post-production

1. Music editor works with songwriter to write the original song, and composer for original score.
2. Sound editors prepare what will go into final mixing. There are dialogue and sound effect editors.
3. Sound mixers combine dialogue, sound effects, and music tracks to create the final soundtrack
4. Film editors cut and paste to make a 2 hour cohesive movie out of miles of film, adding visual effects.

Production:

• DEVELOPMENT: script is written and drafted into a workable blueprint for film
• PRE-PRODUCTION: preparations are made for the shoot, in which cast and crew are hired, locations are selected, and sets are built.
• PRODUCTION: the film footage is shot.
• POST-PRODUCTION: the film is edited; production sound is edited; music tracks are composed, performed and recorded; and any other visual effects are digitally added. 

Distribution

• Describes everything between production and how the film gets to an audience.
• The film is screened for potential buyers (distributors), is picked up by a distributor, and a marketing and release plan are developed. The film is duplicated for distribution to cinemas
• The business of getting films to their audience by booking them for runs in cinemas and getting them there.
• It includes all of the financial deals done to get films shown and promoted

Marketing

• This is the business of creating campaigns to promote the film eg posters, apps, television interviews.
• Press kits, posters, and other advertising materials are published and the film is advertised. Films are usually released with a launch party, press releases, interviews with the press, press preview screenings, and film festival screenings. Most films have a website and trailer.

Exhibition

• The way people consume films - eg showing films in cinemas or renting/buying DVD's or downloading films, piracy.
• About how the audience see the film, box office intake, reviews, awards etc.
• The film is released to cinemas for exhibition (or at this point occasionally straight to DVD, Blu-Ray, or direct download from a provider), in order to reach its cinema and/or home media audience. The film plays at selected cinemas and the DVD typically is released a few months later.

Conglomerates
- When two or more companies engage in a multi-industry company.


Research Task
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Questions:

1. What is the main conglomerate called?
2. Major film studio unit
3. What year was it founded?
4.  Do they have a Arthouse/indie strand
5. What other genre movie companies do they own?
6. Do they have an animation sub company?
7. What other divisions do they have?
8. What is their market share?

5 Biggest Hollywood studios:
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Universal Pictures
1) NBCUniversal
2) Universal Pictures
3) Founded in 1912
4) Yes, Focus Features
5) Genre Movie - Focus World, Gramercy Pictures, Working Title Films
6) Animation - Big Idea Entertainment, DreamWorks Animation, Illumination, Illumination Mac Guff, NBCU Ent. Japan, Universal Animation Studios
7) Other Divisions - Amblin Partners, Carnival Films, Makeready, OTL Releasing, United International Pictures, Universal 1440 Entertainment, WT2 Productions
8) Market Share - 14.9%
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Paramount Pictures
1) Viacom
2) Paramount Pictures
3) Founded in 1912
4) No
5) Genre Movie - BET Films, Comedy Central Films, MTV Films, Nickelodeon Movies, Paramount Players
6) Animation - MTV Animation, Nickelodeon Animation Studio, Paramount Animation
7) Other Divisions - Awesomeness Films, CMT Films, Melange Pictures, Paramount Digital Entertainment, United International Pictures, VH1 Films, Viacorn 18 Motion Pictures
8) Market Share - 6.4%
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Warner Bros
1) WarnerMedia
2) Warner Bros
3) Founded in 1923
4) Yes, CNN Films and HBO Documentary Films
5) Genre Movie - DC Films, New Line Cinema
6) Animation - Cartoon Network Studios, Wang Film Productions, Warner Animation Group, Warner Bros. Animation
7) Other Divisions - Adult Swim Films, Castle Rock Entertainment, Cinemax Films, CNN Films, Flagship Entertainment, Fullscreen, HBO Films, Hello Sunshine, Spyglass Media Group, Turner Entertainment
8) Market Share - 16.3%
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 Walt Disney pictures

1) Walt Disney Studios

2) Walt Disney Pictures

3) Founded in 1923

4) Yes, Disneynature, A&E IndieFilms, Fox Searchlight Pictures, Fox 2000 Pictures, Hulu Documentary Films and NatGeo Films

5) Genre Movie - 20th Century Fox, Lucasfilm, Marvel Studios

6) Animation - Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar Animation Studios, Lucasfilm Animation, Marvel Animation, 20th Century Fox Animation, Blue Sky Studios

7) Other Divisions - Buena Vista International, Fox Family, Fox Star Studios, Zero Day Fox, Walt Disney Pictures India, UTV, Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures

8) Market Share - 36.3%

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Columbia Pictures
1) Sony Pictures
2) Columbia Pictures
3) Founded in 1924
4) Yes, Sony Picture Classics
5) Genre Movie - Affirm Films, Screen Gems, Stage 6 Films, Ghost Corps
6) Animations - Funimation Films, Madhouse, Manga Entertainment, Sony Pictures Animation
7) Other Divisons -TriStar Pictures, Destination Films, Left Bank Pictures, Sony Pictures Japan, Sony Pictures Family Entertainment, Sony Pictures Releasing, Sony Picturers Worldwide Acquisitions, Sony WOnder, TriStar Productions, Triumph Films, Walt Disney Studios Sony Pictures Releasing
8) Market Share - 10.9%